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History & Evolution
Xian was the capital city of Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang. The history of this city dates back to the 11th century BC when the Zhou dynasty ruled northern China from their palace located at Hao. At present Hao is known as Xianyang. It became the capital of Qin in the 4th century BC. But in 207 BC, the rebels brought down this dynasty. Later the Hans succeeded the Qins and raised their own capital named Chang'an. By the 1st century BC, this city flourished to a great height.

The History of Xian states that in 25 AD the government was moved to Luoyang leading to the fall of Chang'an's significance. However, later on the Tang rulers moved back to Chang'an and completed the plan as was ordered by the Sui ruler Wen-ti. It was considered as the golden period of the Tang Dynasty. It was then that Chang'an turned out to be the main center of attention for innovative ideas. Culture and technology flourished in a very high rate and China became a wealthy nation. Later on, Indian, Persian and Central Asian cultures were imbued into Chang'an or the present day Xian. Apart from the dominant Buddhist community, the presence of other communities like Muslim, Manichaean, Zoroastrian and Nestorian also came into existence. This gave this capital city a cosmopolitan look. The city of Xian started progressing from the year 1949 onwards. In the year 1974, some farmers discovered the amazing Terra Cotta Soldiers which was built by the Emperor Qin Shihuang.

Site-Seeing
Huaqing Hot Springs:
The Huaqing Hot Springs are located at the northern foot of Mt. Lishan in Lindong County of Shaanxi Province, 30 kilometers from Xian. Huaqing Hot Springs is a state place of interest as well as scenic spot. As the palace was built upon the hot springs, it was also called Hot Spring Pools. In 756, it was reduced to ruins by the flames of war. Most of the existing buildings were constructed in the Qing Dynasty and after the liberation of China.

Huaqing Pools is bestowed with pink peach blossoms, green willows, dense foliage, beautiful pavilions and terraces, magnificent halls, rolling towers, winding corridors and long verandas, Jiulong(Nine Dragons) and is a treat for the eyes. Lake is crystal clear and mirrors the pavilions and towers. Huaqing Hot Springs was very famous and used to be bathing site for imperial families during the Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties. There are four springs flowing out with a total capacity of over 110 tons of water per hour at the constant temperature of 43 degrees centigrade, which is good for bathing.

Mt Huashan:
This mountain is considered to be one of the holy mountains in China. Earlier it was called Mt. Taihuashan. Located in the county of Huayin, Mt Huashan Xian is about 120 kilometers from the east of Xian. It is famous for its spectacular and gorgeous crags and ridges. It comprises of five major peaks – the North Peak, the East Peak, the South peak, the West Peak and the Middle Peak.

The peaks are very beautiful and each has its own charm. A glorious sun rise can be witnessed from the East Peak or the Facing Sun Peak. The steps built will take you easily to the top of this peak. The peak is characterized by its calm and quiet natural surroundings. The stone veins implying a palm is a notable feature in this peak. However it is to be remembered that it takes for about five to six hours to reach the peak by walking.

Bell Tower:
The bell tower has become a symbol of Xian. Now it is a historic monument in Shaanxi Province. There is a huge bell hanging on the roof of the tower which was traditionally used to tell the time by and there are other, smaller bells on exhibit in the tower too. The square-shaped base of the tower occupies an area of 1,337.4 square meters and is 8.6 meters high and 35.5 meters wide. The base was completely laid with blue bricks. The building proper is a mixed structure of bricks and wood, and it is 36 meters high. The tower is surrounded by various shopping malls and the tower gets lighted at night which gives a beautiful view. His is one of the famous historical destinations of China and is a must watch.

Tomb of Emperor Liu Qi:
The Tomb of Emperor Liu Qi in Xian features the Emperor's Tomb which is positioned at the middle of the site. It is here, that the brick chess board and the biggest tile have been discovered. The ulterior chamber shaped like the Chinese character ‘ya' consists of passages on all its four sides. The tomb is encircled by a tall wall on each of its side. There are four huge entrances in the center of each wall. Only the southern gate is opened for the visitors. There are 86 outside pits of various sizes filled with funerary materials. During the site's excavation, chariots and horses, pottery works indicating bare human body and animal figures, arms and ammunition, and things for regular uses are found.

The Tomb is a famous Tourist spot and attracts millions of visitors throughout the year. The Tomb of Emperor Liu Qi, Xian also features the Outside Pits Exhibition Hall. Built in the underground, it occupies an area of about 7,850 square meters. It consists of ten outside pits covered with glass around the Emperor's Tomb. These pits comprise pottery figures of human beings, animals, chariots and horses.